Local Authority Funding: Rapid Evidence Review
Impacts of changes to local authority funding on small to medium heritage organisations.
- Commissioned by DCMS; a systematic review of evidence on the consequences of sustained local authority funding cuts for small to medium heritage organisations across England.
- Finds that local authority heritage expenditure fell by approximately 45% in nominal terms between 2012–13 and 2022–23, creating sharp geographical inequalities in community access to heritage.
- Published September 2025; informs ongoing policy debate on the sustainability of cultural infrastructure outside major urban centres.
This rapid evidence review, commissioned by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS), examines the consequences of sustained reductions in local authority funding for small to medium heritage organisations across England. The picture it paints is one of mounting pressure on a sector whose work is often irreplaceable: between 2012–13 and 2022–23, local authority heritage expenditure fell by approximately 45% in nominal terms, with real-terms cuts to culture and leisure spending exceeding 40% over the same period. The review finds that the impact of these reductions has been far from uniform — some authorities have maintained or even increased investment, while others have cut already-limited heritage budgets by more than 80%, creating sharp geographical inequalities in what communities can access.
Smaller organisations — particularly those reliant on council utilities, core support, or community asset transfer arrangements — have faced the most severe pressures. Where funding has been withdrawn, the consequences have been tangible: site closures, reduced opening hours, scaled-back programming, and a growing dependency on volunteer labour that many organisations cannot sustain long-term. Intangible heritage — traditions and practices dependent on annual funding and community relationships rather than physical assets — is identified as especially vulnerable. The review also documents a significant decline in professional heritage capacity within local authorities themselves, which has weakened the wider ecosystem of support on which smaller organisations depend. Those organisations that had diversified their income early, or had access to larger umbrella charities, were found to be in a more resilient position — but for many, this remains out of reach.
The review was conducted by Dr Tamara West (Manchester Metropolitan University) and Professor Rafaela Neiva Ganga (Liverpool John Moores University), drawing on a literature review of 40 peer-reviewed studies and case study evidence from the West Yorkshire Combined Authority area. Both are co-investigators on the AHRC–DCMS-funded CHerPP project, and the review forms part of a broader body of work by the team on how heritage value is understood, measured, and protected in public policy. The findings and recommendations reflect the researchers' own analysis and do not represent UK government views or policy.
Review at a glance
- Published: September 2025
- Commissioned by: DCMS
- Authors: West and Neiva Ganga
- Evidence base: 40 peer-reviewed studies
- Case study area: West Yorkshire Combined Authority
Key findings
The review finds that funding reductions have resulted in site closures, reduced hours, and scaled-back programming — with impacts felt most acutely in more deprived communities. Intangible heritage is identified as particularly at risk due to its dependency on annual funding and unpaid labour. Organisations that diversified income early, or had access to larger umbrella charities, reported greater stability; volunteer-dependent sites without professional support faced the most significant risk.
Meet the team
Dr Tamara West - Lead Author
Prof Rafaela Neiva Ganga - Co-Author
Outputs and resources
DCMS | September 2025
- Impacts of changes to local authority funding on small to medium heritage organisations
Rapid Evidence Review | West and Neiva Ganga | DCMS | September 2025

Dr Tamara West's research spans cultural heritage and place, regional development, and cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary methods, with additional expertise in place-based identities, co-creation, and photography and storytelling as memory practices. She is Project Lead on Cultural Heritage, People and Place (CHerPP), funded by the AHRC–DCMS Research culture and heritage capital programme — a collaboration between Manchester Metropolitan University, Liverpool John Moores University and National Museums Liverpool. She is also Co-Investigator on the AHRC–DFG-funded project Romani Migration between Germany and Britain (1880s–1914), a collaboration between the University of Münster and the University of Liverpool.